Other hormone levels: Measurement of other hormones beside testosterone (luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin level, and cortisol level) may provide clues to other underlying causes of testosterone deficiency and erectile problems, such as pituitary disease or adrenal gland abnormalities. Thyroid levels may be routinely checked as both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can contribute to erectile dysfunction. How Are Male Sexual Problems Diagnosed? To diagnose a man's sexual problem, the doctor likely will begin with a thorough history of symptoms and a physical exam. He or she may order other tests to rule out any medical problems that may be contributing to the dysfunction. The doctor may refer you to other health professionals, including a urologist (a doctor specializing in the urinary tract and male reproductive system), sex therapist, and other counselors. best price viagra online Erectile dysfunction, heart disease and other vascular diseases: Although ED can be caused by various conditions, about 7 in 10 cases are due to narrowing of the small arteries in the penis. This causes reduced blood flow to the penis. This is the same problem that can occur in other blood vessels. For example, narrowing of the blood vessels in the heart (the coronary arteries) is a cause of angina and other heart problems. Narrowing of blood vessels to the brain is a risk factor for having a stroke. Narrowing of blood vessels in the legs can cause peripheral vascular disease. mens health viagra online buy viagra online Penile erection is managed by two mechanisms: the reflex erection, which is achieved by directly touching the penile shaft, and the psychogenic erection, which is achieved by erotic or emotional stimuli. The former uses the peripheral nerves and the lower parts of the spinal cord, whereas the latter uses the limbic system of the brain. In both conditions, an intact neural system is required for a successful and complete erection. Stimulation of the penile shaft by the nervous system leads to the secretion of nitric oxide (NO), which causes the relaxation of smooth muscles of corpora cavernosa (the main erectile tissue of penis), and subsequently penile erection. Additionally, adequate levels of testosterone (produced by the testes) and an intact pituitary gland are required for the development of a healthy erectile system. As can be understood from the mechanisms of a normal erection, impotence may develop due to hormonal deficiency, disorders of the neural system, lack of adequate penile blood supply or psychological problems. Restriction of blood flow can arise from impaired endothelial function due to the usual causes associated with coronary artery disease, but can also be caused by prolonged exposure to bright light. online cialis in canada buy cialis online viagra online legitimate buy viagra online cialis online dove comprare buy cialis online Erectile dysfunction is characterized by the regular or repeated inability to obtain or maintain an erection. It is analyzed in several ways: Obtaining full erections at some times, such as when asleep (when the mind and psychological issues, if any, are less present), tends to suggest that the physical structures are functionally working. viagra online overnight delivery buy viagra online Erectile Dysfunction At A Glance: The causes of erectile dysfunction include aging, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, atherosclerosis, depression, nerve or spinal cord damage, medication side effects, alcoholism or other substance abuse, and low testosterone levels. best price viagra online Erection begins with sexual stimulation. Sexual stimulation can be tactile (for example, by touching the penis) or mental (for example, by having sexual fantasies). Sexual stimulation or sexual arousal generates electrical impulses along the nerves going to the penis and causes the nerves to release nitric oxide, which in turn increases the production of cyclic GMP (cGMP) in the smooth muscle cells of the corpora cavernosa. The cGMP causes the smooth muscles of the corpora cavernosa to relax and allow rapid blood flow into the penis. The incoming blood fills the corpora cavernosa, making the penis expand. When there is angina or heart failure, the doctor may need to determine whether the heart has enough reserve to safely carry out the work necessary for sexual activity by performing cardiac treadmill stress testing. best price viagra online viagra tablets online in india buy viagra online cialis online bestellen tipps James W Richey best price viagra online Can Sexual Problems Be Prevented? While sexual problems cannot be prevented, dealing with the underlying causes of the dysfunction can help you better understand and cope with the problem when it occurs. There are some things you can do to help maintain good sexual function: Follow your doctor's treatment plan for any medical/health conditions. Limit your alcohol intake. Quit smoking. Deal with any emotional or psychological issues such as stress, depression, and anxiety. Get treatment as needed. Increase communication with your partner. best price viagra online For example, one study found that after a course of pelvic floor exercises, about 4 in 10 men with ED had regained normal erectile function, just over 3 in 10 men had improved, but there was no improvement in just under 3 in 10 men. The exercises were done for a time every day for three months. Those found least likely to improve were those with other significant problems such as heart disease, diabetes, or those who drank a lot of alcohol. The conclusion of this study was that pelvic floor muscle exercises should be considered a treatment option for many people with ED.
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Home About the SSHA Constitution

SSHA Constitution

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SSHA Constitution
Membership
Officers
Duties
Other Committees
Meetings
Dissolution
Amendments
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I. Objectives

The purpose of the Social Science History Association is to improve the quality of historical explanation in every manner possible, particularly by encouraging the selective use and adaptation in historical teaching and research of relevant theories and methods from related disciplines, especially the social sciences. The Association will seek to achieve this purpose through various means. It will:

  1. Publish Social Science History in order to encourage and disseminate high quality social science history devoted to substantive research and methodological concerns.
  2. Organize conferences to bring together like-minded historians and other social scientists with interdisciplinary interests.
  3. Assist and support the work of organizations in activities such as the operation of training programs to enable historians and other social scientists to learn social science methodology, or methods for the retrieval and archiving of quantitative historical data.
  4. Work to achieve maximum freedom of access for scholars to data of particular interest to social science historians.
  5. Take any other appropriate action which the members of the Association believe necessary to achieve the above objectives.



II. Membership

  1. Any person supporting the objectives of the Association will be enrolled, upon the payment of dues.
  2. The Executive Committee of the Association may designate various classes of membership, setting appropriate membership fees and rights of participation.


 

III. Officers

  1. The Association shall have the following elective officers: President, Vice-President, Executive Director, and Treasurer. The terms of office of the President and Vice-President shall be one year. The Vice-President shall, upon completion of her/his term, serve as President in the following year. The terms of office of the Executive Director and the Treasurer shall be four years, the terms so set as to have one of them elected every second year.
  2. The Executive Committee shall consist of the four officers; nine committee members, three to be elected each year for three-year terms; and the three most recent past presidents willing and able to serve. A majority of the voting members of the ExecutiveCommittee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Action recommended at any meeting without a quorum will take permanent effect when confirmed subsequently, by a majority vote of the Committee, through email or another expeditious method. The Executive Committee may appoint editors of Association publications as non voting, ex officio members of the Executive Committee.
  3. The President, with the advice of the Executive Committee, shall appoint a Nominating Committee, which shall present to the Executive Director nominations as required above.
  4. The President shall be ineligible for re-election.
  5. Voting shall be by secret ballot using appropriate electronic means and allowing members the opportunity to cast write-in votes. The results of the election shall be certified and announced by the Executive Director at the next annual meeting of the Association or by individual communication to members of the Association.
  6. In the event that the office of the Executive Director or the Treasurer becomes vacant, the President, with the advice of the Executive Committee, shall appoint a temporary Executive Director or Treasurer. Such appointee shall serve until the next annual election.


 

IV. Duties of Officers

  1. The President shall preside at all meetings of the Association and the Executive Committee. In case of her/his disability or absence, the duties shall devolve upon the Vice-President, or the Executive Director, or the Treasurer, in that order.
  2. The Executive Director shall keep the records of the Association, have custody of its funds, and prepare an annual report. The Treasurer shall review annually the financial status of the Association and shall discuss the annual financial report at the meeting of the Executive Committee. The accounts shall be subject to periodic audit, at the discretion of the President. Upon succession of the Executive Directors, the accounts must be audited by a certified public accountant. The Executive Director and the Treasurer shall perform such other duties as the Executive Committee shall assign them.
  3. The Executive Committee shall pursue the objectives of the Association and have control and management of the funds of the Association. The Executive Committee may adopt any rules and regulations for the conduct of its business not inconsistent with this constitution or with the rules adopted at any annual meeting of the Association. It shall act as a committee on time and place of meetings, and perform such other duties as the Association may delegate to it.



V. Other Committees

  1. There shall be two standing committees: publications committee and program committee.
  2. The President shall appoint the chair of the publications committee, and the Vice President shall appoint the program committee chair/cochair responsible for producing the program for the subsequent year. The networks will select representatives to serve on the program committee. The members of the Publications Committee other than the chair shall be elected by the members of the Association for staggered three-year terms.
  3. Members of the Association may organize as networks around topics of interest, and those networks shall be represented on the Program Committee.
  4. The President may appoint ad hoc committees as needed or as recommended by the Executive Committee. Nothing shall prevent committees from establishing subcommittees that extend beyond the membership with the approval of the President. Officers of the Association may sit as ex officio members of any committee.


 

VI. Meetings

  1. The annual and other meetings of the Association shall be held at such time and place as determined by the Executive Committee. Adequate notice of such time and place shall be given to members in the print or electronic publications of the Association and also through electronic communications from the Executive Director or the Treasurer at least one month before such meetings.
  2. Special meetings of the Association may be called by the Executive Committee.
  3. Any nonprocedural motions introduced and passed at meetings of the Association will be referred to the membership of the Association by electronic ballot for final approval or rejection.
  4. Meetings of the Executive Committee or the Officers of the Association shall be called by the President of the Association or at the request of four members of the Executive Committee; all announcements shall be made through the office of the Executive Director.



VII. Dissolution

  1. This organization may be dissolved by a vote of the membership, providing that its assets are transferred to a non-profit scholarly organization.


 

VIII. Amendments

  1. The Executive Committee may generate proposals to amend the constitution. Proposed amendments may also be generated by ten voting members of the Association and sent for consideration to the Executive Committee. The recommendation of the Executive Committee on any amendment shall be reported to the membership at the next annual business meeting of the Association, and such action shall be confirmed, amended, or rejected by a majority vote of the Association voting electronically.

 

 

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